The Journal of Phytopharmacology 2026; 15(1):81-85 ; DOI:10.31254/phyto.2026.15111
Genetic and molecular insights from Arabidopsis for enhancing crop yield
1. Associate Professor, Department of Botany, Kalindi College University of Delhi-110008, India
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 9th December, 2025 / Accepted: 21st February, 2026 / Published : 30th March, 2026
Arabidopsis is an ideal plant for research because of its tiny, fully sequenced genome and ease of genetic manipulation. Among flowering plants, Arabidopsis thaliana has one of the shortest genomes, measuring only 135 million base pairs which is perfect for genomic and transcriptome research because of its compact size, which allows for quicker sequencing, simpler annotation, and more effective data analysis. In the year 2000 it became the first plant to have its whole genome sequenced, which was a significant genomics milestone. Because of its unique combination of biological and practical benefits, it is used most often as a model plant in scientific studies. Genetic modification of Arabidopsis is very feasible, especially when done by the Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated process. In addition to T-DNA insertion lines and CRISPR technology, Arabidopsis provides an unparalleled set of tools for plant genetic modification. The simple diploid genome of Arabidopsis comprises two sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. In experimental genetics, a diploid genome makes gene monitoring, mutation research and inheritance patterns easier to understand and aids in the development of more precise results. Despite its simplicity, it has a high level of genetic homology, or similarity, with many economically significant crops, including maize, wheat, and rice. This implies that knowledge gained from studying Arabidopsis can be used to comprise how genes function in other plants. The present article discusses the advantages of Arabidopsis as a model organism in genetic studies for enhancing the crop yield.
Arabidopsis, Genetic Modification, Crop Improvement
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Kumari K. Genetic and molecular insights from Arabidopsis for enhancing crop yield. J Phytopharmacol 2026; 15(1):81-85. doi: 10.31254/phyto.2026.15111
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